There are currently several types of Covid-19 test available on the market.
But what’s the difference between them?
How long does the result take?
Where is the test done?
And what does a positive result mean?
Read on and find out all the information you need in our article.
There are 3 types of tests: molecular tests (RT-PCR test), antigen tests (known as the “new rapid test” with a nasal swab) and antibody tests (serological tests, by venipuncture and finger prick).
RT-PCR Molecular Test
How does it work? It detects genetic material (ribonucleic acid, RNA or RNA) from the virus.
It is carried out using a swab.
Where is the test done? It must be analyzed in a laboratory.
Samples can be taken outside the laboratory by entities duly accredited for this purpose.
What is it generally used for? Test suspected cases of COVID-19.
What does a positive result mean? It confirms infection with SARS-CoV-2.
How long does the result take? 24h – 72h
Antigen Test, “the new rapid test”
How does it work? It detects the antigen protein on the surface of the virus.
It is carried out using a swab.
Where is the test done? No laboratory analysis required.
It is portable.
The swab is tested with a chemical reagent.
It can be carried out in locations and by entities duly accredited for this purpose.
What is it generally used for? Test suspected cases of COVID-19 and identify suspicious situations that require additional testing (PCR test).
What does a positive result mean? Confirms SARS-CoV-2 infection or the existence of a potential infection.
A positive result may require additional testing by RT-PCR.
How long does the result take? 15m – 20m
Antibody test (serological)
How does it work? Detects IgG and IgM* antibodies.
These are serological tests that can be carried out by venipuncture or finger prick.
Where is the test done? No laboratory analysis is required.
The blood sample is tested with a chemical reagent.
It can be carried out in places and by entities duly accredited for this purpose.
What is it generally used for? To understand if there has been exposure or contact with the virus and/or to assess the degree of immunity** of a given community or group.
What does a positive result mean? Previous exposure to SARS-CoV-2 or potential SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A positive result may require additional testing by RT-PCR.
How long does the result take? By venipuncture: 24 to 48 hours.
By finger prick: 10min
